Implementation Plan of Shanghai Municipality for the Development of the Embodied Intelligence Industry

This Plan is formulated with a view to thoroughly implementing the guiding principles of the 2024 Central Economic Work Conference, carrying out the national deployment for accelerating the "Artificial Intelligence Plus" initiative, seizing the strategic opportunities presented by the development of embodied intelligence, expediting the formation of an innovative cluster and ecosystem for future industries, and building Shanghai into a globally influential hub for embodied intelligence innovation—thereby achieving the integrated development of large models and computing power in Shanghai.

I. Main Objectives

Guided by the overarching approach of "model-driven innovation, application demonstration, cluster-chain coordination, and open-source ecology," Shanghai shall, through major technological deployments, the development of benchmark application demonstrations, the establishment of specialized industrial clusters, and the creation of high-quality open-source projects, achieve the following objectives by 2027:

Attain no fewer than 20 breakthroughs in core algorithms and key technologies such as embodied models and embodied corpora;

Establish at least four high-quality incubators dedicated to embodied intelligence;

Achieve the agglomeration of no fewer than 100 leading enterprises, the implementation of 100 innovative application scenarios, and the promotion of 100 internationally leading products; and

Expand the core embodied intelligence industry in Shanghai to exceed a total output value of 50 billion yuan.

II. Model-Innovation-Driven Development

Adhering to the principle of model-driven innovation and strengthening the empowerment of intelligent decision-making systems ("intelligent brains"), Shanghai shall accelerate the establishment of an independent, full-chain technological innovation system for embodied intelligence. Priority support shall be given to R&D efforts focusing on key technologies, including perception and decision-making, motion control, embodied corpora, and operating systems. Financial support shall be provided in accordance with the approved total investment of each project, with subsidies up to 30 percent of the total investment amount and capped at 50 million yuan per project.

1. Tackling Perception and Decision-Making Models

Support shall be provided to institutions of higher education and research organizations for the development of integrated large-model capabilities in embodied intelligence. Research on active perception, planning and decision-making, speech interaction, and related technologies shall be encouraged to enhance real-time interaction, autonomous learning, and other core competencies, with the aim of achieving large-scale application and deployment.

2. Tackling Motion Control Models

Support shall be provided to robot ontology enterprises within this Municipality to collaborate with foundation model enterprises in advancing research on motion control models. Efforts shall focus on establishing a general motion control system and a manipulation skill library. Breakthroughs shall be pursued in underlying algorithms to enhance dexterous manipulation and adaptive capabilities, and to develop a new paradigm for the emergence and generalization of motion intelligence in robotic entities.

3. Tackling Embodied Collaboration Technologies

Efforts shall be intensified to explore embodied intelligence architectures such as dual-system and end-to-end frameworks, with the objective of enhancing coordination across upper and lower limbs, hand-eye, and brain-body systems. The research and development of autonomous embodied models, platforms, and frameworks shall be encouraged to achieve breakthroughs in autonomous operation and heterogeneous collaboration, thereby improving levels of information sharing and cooperative capability.

4. Embodied Corpora Technologies

Building upon the municipal corpus platform and through collaboration with multiple stakeholders, this Municipality shall promote the tackling of foundational corpus technologies and the construction of large-scale corpora. A corpus tool chain shall be developed to establish high-quality embodied datasets and a comprehensive technological system. Enterprises that procure corpus service products shall be eligible to receive corpus vouchers of up to five million yuan per year as financial support.

5. Autonomous Operating Systems

Support shall be extended to enterprises, institutions of higher education, and research organizations for the joint development of multimodal data fusion and processing technologies, with a view to creating autonomous operating systems. In cooperation with robot manufacturers and research institutions, pilot applications of embodied intelligence operating systems shall be promoted in sectors such as industrial manufacturing, logistics and distribution, and commercial services. Version iteration and optimization shall be advanced to gradually establish a mature, reliable, and widely adopted ecosystem for embodied intelligence operating systems.

III. Development of Public Platforms

To address the shared needs of embodied intelligence development, resources across this Municipality shall be integrated to establish five major platforms — computing power, digital twin training, pilot testing, investment, and leasing—so as to consolidate the foundational infrastructure for the embodied intelligence industry. For projects relating to the construction of industrial innovation service platforms, financial support of up to 50 percent of the verified total investment, and not exceeding 20 million yuan, shall be granted.

6. Computing Power Platform

The municipal public service platform for intelligent computing power and the municipal unified scheduling platform for intelligent computing resources shall be optimized to coordinate and integrate this Municipality's existing intelligent computing assets. Resource scheduling and management shall be strengthened. Enterprises engaging in embodied intelligence that reach a specified scale of computing power leasing shall be eligible to receive computing power vouchers of up to 40 million yuan per year as financial support.

7. Digital Twin Training Grounds

Innovations shall be pursued in corpus collection methods, scenarios, tasks, and motor skills to establish digital twin training grounds that realize a closed-loop mechanism of "simulation training – real-world verification – iterative learning." These facilities shall empower the training of large embodied intelligence models and enhance their practical application capacities.

8. Pilot Testing Platform

Joint efforts shall be supported for the establishment of pilot testing platforms dedicated to embodied intelligence. Integrated pilot testing services shall be encouraged prior to large-scale mass production to facilitate the transformation and implementation of technological achievements. A multidisciplinary team of pilot testing engineers shall be cultivated to enhance the industrial pilot testing service capacity and improve the overall level of supply within the sector.

9. Investment Platform

The strategic guiding role of the Municipal Artificial Intelligence Pioneer Industry Parent Fund shall be strengthened to drive capital formation and resource allocation. High-quality enterprises shall be encouraged to establish corporate venture capital funds (CVCs) and industrial ecosystem funds, thereby improving the mechanism of "early-stage incubation + early-stage investment" and providing targeted financial support to enterprises engaged in embodied intelligence. Efforts shall be made to explore innovative investment models such as equity participation through the valuation of computing power and corpus assets, and to promote the development of novel financial instruments tailored to the embodied intelligence sector, with the aim of enhancing financing accessibility for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

10. Leasing Platform

Leveraging Shanghai's strengths in financial resource concentration and the abundance of application scenarios, this Municipality shall support the exploration and establishment of a municipal-level leasing platform driven by the dual engines of the "financial tool chain" and the "industrial service chain."

Financial institutions shall be encouraged to cooperate with enterprises specializing in embodied intelligence terminals and core components, thereby facilitating the rapid commercialization of technological achievements. A number of operation and maintenance institutions dedicated to leasing services shall be cultivated to enhance the professional service capacity within the embodied intelligence industry.

IV. Demonstration and Application Benchmarks

Drawing upon Shanghai's industrial advantages, and focusing on key sectors such as logistics and assembly, industrial manufacturing, commercial retail, healthcare and rehabilitation, and household services, this Municipality shall organize scenario solicitation and task-based bidding to explore new models of embodied intelligence application. For application projects demonstrating industrial innovation and integration, financial support of up to 20 percent of the approved total investment, not exceeding 10 million yuan, shall be granted.

11. Embodied Intelligence + Logistics and Assembly

Support shall be provided for the application of embodied intelligence in logistics processes such as parcel sorting, warehouse handling, and last-mile delivery. Collaboration between logistics enterprises and hub warehousing bases shall be encouraged to establish demonstration models with comprehensive operational workflows and diverse scenario elements. A series of replicable and scalable intelligent logistics models shall be developed to serve as benchmarks for industry-wide adoption.

12. Embodied Intelligence + Industrial Manufacturing

Industrial enterprises shall be supported in promoting the application of embodied intelligence technologies in key manufacturing processes including assembly, inspection and monitoring, emergency response, and material handling. Leading enterprises in sectors such as automotive, steel, and shipbuilding shall be encouraged to pursue integrated innovation tailored to actual production needs, in order to create intelligent manufacturing units that enable effective human–machine collaboration, enhance automation in complex processes, and accelerate the establishment of industry-leading embodied intelligence workshops.

13. Embodied Intelligence + Commercial Retail

Commercial entities shall be supported in advancing the multi-scenario deployment of embodied intelligence in venues such as supermarkets, exhibition halls, airports, and industrial parks. Business operators shall be encouraged to integrate embodied intelligence into service functions including guided tours, customer reception, and security patrols, thereby enhancing multimodal interaction and human–machine collaboration capabilities, and fostering a new, intelligent, and immersive form of commercial service.

14. Embodied Intelligence + Healthcare and Rehabilitation

Medical and elderly care institutions shall be supported to explore demonstration applications of embodied intelligence in healthcare and rehabilitation services. The development of medical and nursing robots with multimodal perception, compliant motion, and scenario-adaptive decision-making capabilities shall be encouraged.

Simulation training platforms shall be established to overcome the bottlenecks of multitask adaptability in complex environments and to develop safe and appropriate solutions for assisted healthcare and rehabilitation. These efforts aim to advance the transformation of the industry from stand-alone intelligent systems toward collaborative, service-oriented models.

15. Embodied Intelligence + Household Services

Smart home service providers and public rental housing service organizations within this Municipality shall be supported in establishing cooperative partnerships with embodied robot manufacturers and large-model enterprises, so as to advance the application of embodied intelligence in household-related scenarios such as home cleaning, meal assistance, emotional companionship, and safety monitoring. The development of products deeply adapted to living spaces and designed to enhance domestic wellbeing shall be encouraged. A motion control algorithm library driven by both data and mechanisms shall be developed to realize safe and human-like domestic services and to create a new model of intelligent living.

V. Collaborative Development of Industrial Clusters and Chains

Efforts shall be made to strengthen the Municipality-wide overall layout and to leverage the agglomeration effect of industrial clusters and chains. This Municipality shall accelerate the development of embodied intelligence terminal products, promote the research, development, and manufacturing of core components, enhance and expand high-quality enterprises, foster innovative industrial chains, and build distinctive industrial clusters, thereby promoting the high-quality, coordinated development of the entire industrial chain.

16. Development of Core Components

Leveraging Shanghai's aggregation advantages in indigenous intelligent computing chips, embodied robot manufacturing, and large-model enterprises, this Municipality shall accelerate the research, development, and production of specialized chips, core motherboards, and other essential components for embodied intelligence. The coordination and compatibility between software and hardware shall be enhanced to develop key supporting products that meet the functional requirements of embodied robots.

Enterprises engaged in the research, development, and manufacturing of high-value components—including joint modules, intelligent sensors, and vision cameras—shall be encouraged to establish production bases within this Municipality.

17. Development of Embodied Intelligence Terminal Products

The research and development of terminal products represented by reference models shall be supported, and the process of mass production shall be accelerated. The development of operational and intelligent embodied intelligence terminals shall be encouraged to cultivate "bestselling products", which may be recommended for inclusion in the Municipality's Catalogue of Recommended Innovative Products. The industrialization capacity of embodied intelligence shall be cultivated in stages to promote large-scale commercialization from mature application scenarios to pilot ones.

18. Enhancement and Strengthening of High-Quality Enterprises

A number of high-quality enterprises and industry-leading ecosystem enterprises shall be introduced and cultivated. For enterprises engaged in the sale or lease of embodied intelligent robots, a reward of up to five percent of the contract value, not exceeding five million yuan, shall be granted in accordance with relevant provisions.

Strategic cooperation with central state-owned enterprises shall be deepened to attract regional and functional headquarters to Shanghai. High-quality industry enterprises, as well as leading technology and internet companies, shall be supported in establishing embodied intelligence entities within this Municipality.

19. Formation of Distinctive Industrial Clusters

A municipal-district collaborative cultivation mechanism shall be established. Centered on Zhangjiang, Pudong as the core functional area, this Municipality shall accelerate the deployment of the entire embodied intelligence industry chain and coordinate key regions relevant to the sector to form distinctive industrial clusters featuring complementary functions and differentiated development.

Special policies shall be introduced to strengthen support for the first sets of embodied intelligence products. Industrial coordination shall be enhanced to promote the integrated development of innovative enterprise clusters, thereby creating a comprehensive industrial cluster that integrates R&D, manufacturing, and services for embodied robotics. Collaboration with industries in the Yangtze River Delta shall be reinforced, and cross-sector cooperation among enterprises shall be promoted to strengthen the integration of upstream and downstream resources across the industry chain.

VI. Building a First-Class Ecosystem

Focusing on open-source innovation, standards formulation, safety and ethics, talent development and recruitment, and open collaboration, this Municipality shall further improve the supporting facilities and innovation-driven ecosystem for the embodied intelligence industry.

20. Strengthening Open-Source Innovation

A comprehensive open-source framework encompassing models, data, algorithms, operating systems, and tool chains shall be established. The inclusion of open-source models and tools shall be supported to provide standardized, low-barrier public services to research institutions, SMEs, and individual developers. For outstanding open-source communities and products, a reward of up to five million yuan shall be granted in accordance with relevant provisions.

21. Improvement of the Standards System

This Municipality shall explore the establishment of a standards framework for embodied intelligence, with priority given to expediting the formulation and provision of standards concerning data corpora, scenario-based applications, and pilot testing and evaluation. Enterprises domiciled in this Municipality are encouraged to participate in the development and revision of standards of all types, thereby continuously enhancing their industry influence. Enterprises that take the lead in standard formulation or revision projects shall be eligible for financial support of up to one million yuan.

22. Assurance of Safety and Ethics

With a focus on key application scenarios, this Municipality shall establish a safety risk assessment framework to ensure that complex interactions consistently comply with safety constraints and align with human values. A multi-stakeholder collaborative governance structure shall be instituted, public participation and ongoing evaluation shall be encouraged, and a closed-loop governance mechanism shall be formed, so as to ensure the trustworthy safety and sustainable development of embodied intelligence.

23. Acceleration of Talent Introduction and Cultivation

This Municipality shall accelerate the attraction and cultivation of a cohort of world-class leading talents and high-level innovation teams, and shall establish a national pilot zone for the cultivation of top-tier embodied-intelligence talent. The Municipality shall promote the establishment of an order-based training mechanism integrating enterprises, institutions of higher education, and research institutes, and shall build a multitiered talent training system. An Embodied Intelligence Hundred-Schools Initiative shall be implemented to provide high-quality learning and practical resources to teachers and students within this Municipality.

24. Deepening of Opening-up and Cooperation

Leveraging platforms such as the World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the Global Developers Pioneer Conference, this Municipality shall establish global cooperation platforms and networks for exchange and collaboration, and shall support local embodied-intelligence enterprises in undertaking project cooperation with world-leading organizations.

The rollout of commercial application services shall be accelerated and application scenarios shall be broadened to continuously enhance the value of business cooperation. This Municipality shall host international humanoid-robot skills competitions to build internationally recognized brands and expand access to global markets.

This Plan shall be effective as of July 28, 2025, and shall remain in effect until July 27, 2028.