Meteorological Regulations of Shanghai Municipality

(Adopted at the 16th Session of the Standing Committee of the 16th Shanghai Municipal People's Congress on September 27, 2024)

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1

With a view to developing the meteorological undertaking, standardizing the meteorological work, preventing the meteorological disasters, reasonably developing, utilizing and protecting the climate resources, ensuring the safety of the people's lives and property and the safety of urban operation, and providing high quality meteorological services for the economic and social development of this Municipality, these Regulations have been formulated in accordance with the laws and administrative rules such as the Meteorological Law of the People's Republic of China, the Regulations on the Prevention of Meteorological Disasters, and the Regulations on the Protection of Meteorological Facilities and Meteorological Detection Environments, and in the light of the actual circumstances of this Municipality.

Article 2

These Regulations apply to the meteorological observation, forecasting, services, meteorological disaster prevention, climate resource utilization, meteorological scientific and technological research, the openness and application of the public meteorological data and the related management activities within the administrative areas of this Municipality.

Article 3

This Municipality shall adhere to the positioning of the meteorological undertaking as a technology-based, fundamental, and leading social welfare undertaking, with the characteristics of adapting to bordering the rivers, seas and to the mega city, promote the modernization of meteorological construction, and construct a modern meteorological system that is advanced in technology, precise in monitoring, accurate in forecasting, meticulous in service, and satisfactory to the people.

Article 4

The municipal and district people's governments shall strengthen their leadership over the meteorological work in their administrative areas, coordinate and handle the major issues in the meteorological work, organize the formulation of the meteorological development plans, and incorporate the relevant contents into the national economic and social development plans at the same levels.

Article 5

The municipal and district meteorological authorities shall be responsible for the meteorological work in their respective administrative areas under the leadership of the higher-level meteorological authorities and the same-level local people's governments, and shall provide guidance, supervision and trade management for the meteorological work of the meteorological observatories and stations under the relevant departments.

The municipal meteorological authority shall be responsible for the meteorological work in the districts without meteorological supervisory authorities. The relevant district people’s governments and their departments shall cooperate to carry out the meteorological-related work.

The departments of development and reform, emergency management, water (ocean) affairs, transportation, finance, economy and informatization, education, science and technology, planning and resources, ecological environment, housing and urban-rural construction management, agriculture and rural affairs, culture and tourism, data and so on shall jointly carry out the meteorological-related work in accordance with their respective functions and responsibilities.

Article 6

The municipal and district people's governments shall establish the financial guarantee mechanisms for the development and operation of the local meteorological undertakings. The municipal meteorological authority, together with the municipal finance department, shall improve and implement the dual-planning financial system for meteorology, and ensure the financial input within the scope of the local authority.

Article 7

This Municipality shall increase investment in the meteorological science and technology research, strengthen the construction of the meteorological science and technology innovation platforms, enhance the scientific research and technological breakthroughs in numerical forecasting, disaster weather monitoring, forecasting and early warning, meticulous meteorological services for the mega city, climate change and the other fields, and promote the integration and application of artificial intelligence, big data, block chain and the other technologies in the field of meteorology.

The meteorological authorities and science and technology, economy and informatization, education, data and the other departments shall support the higher education institutions, research institutes, enterprises, institutions and social organizations in promoting the construction of the meteorological talent highlands, conducting basic and applied research in meteorological science, developing the technical products such as meteorological large models, and promoting the application and promotion of the meteorological scientific and technological achievements.

Article 8

The municipal and district people's governments and their relevant departments, as well as the meteorological authorities, shall adopt various forms to increase the supply of meteorological science popularization products and services, popularize the basic meteorological knowledge, meteorological disaster prevention knowledge, etc. to the society, and enhance the public's awareness and response capabilities for disaster prevention and reduction.

This Municipality shall encourage schools to carry out meteorological science popularization education, organize the relevant practical activities, and cooperate with the relevant research institutes, science popularization venues and scientific and technological associations to carry out the meteorological science popularization activities. The meteorological authorities shall, together with the education departments, strengthen the relevant guidance.

This Municipality shall strengthen the construction of the meteorological science popularization venues and facilities, encourage the social forces to build meteorological science popularization venues and facilities, and promote the co-construction and sharing of the meteorological science popularization resources.

Article 9

This Municipality shall promote the establishment of a working mechanism for jointly promoting the development of the meteorological undertakings in the Yangtze River Delta region, strengthen the cooperation and linkage in meteorological operations, meteorological disaster prevention, meteorological technology innovation and the other aspects, and enhance the level of regional integrated meteorological work.

The meteorological authorities shall strengthen the exchanges and cooperation in the meteorological work with the other regions both at home and abroad, and support the cross-industry and cross-field meteorological academic exchanges and cooperation.

Article 10

The municipal meteorological authority shall organize comprehensive investigations of the climate resources in this Municipality, conduct climate monitoring, analysis and evaluation, and regularly release the bulletins on the climate status of this Municipality.

The municipal and district people's governments and their relevant departments shall, on the basis of the climate conditions and trends of the climate change in this Municipality, comprehensively consider the availability of the climate resources such as wind and solar energy, and scientifically and reasonably layout the climate resource utilization projects.

Chapter II Construction and Management of the Meteorological Facilities

Article 11

In accordance with the requirements of the overall planning, rational layout and intensive sharing, this Municipality shall promote the construction of the meteorological facilities such as meteorological observation facilities, specialized transmission facilities for meteorological information, and large-scale meteorological specialized technical equipment in accordance with the law, and protect the meteorological facilities and the meteorological observation environments.

Article 12

The municipal meteorological authority shall, together with the municipal departments of planning and resources, water (ocean) affairs, transportation, agriculture and rural affairs, housing and urban-rural construction management, ecological environment, and civil aviation, formulate the plans for the construction of the meteorological facilities in this Municipality, and coordinate the construction and spatial utilization needs of the meteorological facilities. The relevant contents of the construction plans for the meteorological facilities in this Municipality shall be included in the national spatial planning in accordance with the law.

Article 13

The installation of the meteorological facilities shall comply with this Municipality's meteorological facility construction plans, as well as the relevant quality standards and technical requirements. When the meteorological authorities, water (ocean) affairs, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs and civil aviation industry authorities set up meteorological facilities, the relevant organizations and individuals shall cooperate with them.

The competent meteorological authorities shall share the installation information of the meteorological facilities with the competent departments of water (ocean) affairs, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs and civil aviation and the other departments.

Article 14

The municipal meteorological authority shall, together with the relevant departments, formulate the plans for the layout of the meteorological detection facilities based on the construction plans of the meteorological facilities in this Municipality. The plans shall scientifically and reasonably determine the scope of layout, installation conditions, construction and operation responsibilities of the meteorological detection facilities, and shall be implemented after approval by the Municipal People's Government. The competent meteorological authorities shall strengthen coordination, guidance and services for the installation, construction, operation, and maintenance of the meteorological observation facilities.

The construction and management units of the rail transit, highways, urban expressways, cross river (sea) bridges, ports, and overhead power transmission, oil and gas pipelines shall set up meteorological detection facilities in accordance with the layout plans and the relevant regulations.

The construction and management units and owners of the super high-rise buildings shall do well the cooperation work in accordance with the meteorological detection facility layout plans and the relevant provisions. When meteorological detection facilities need to be set up outside the layout plans, the competent meteorological authorities shall provide their corresponding guidance and services.

Article 15

The meteorological observatories and stations and the other organizations and individuals engaged in meteorological observation under the competent departments of water (ocean) affairs, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs, civil aviation and so on shall carry out the meteorological observation activities in accordance with the national provisions and submit the obtained meteorological detection data to the competent meteorological authorities.

The meteorological authorities shall exchange the relevant meteorological information and data with the other institutions engaged in the meteorological work in accordance with the national provisions.

Article 16

In accordance with the national provisions, this Municipality shall protect the detection environments of the qualified meteorological observatories and stations and the separately established meteorological observation facilities in accordance with the law.

The new, renovated or expanded construction projects within the detection environment protection scopes of the meteorological observatories and stations and the separately established meteorological observation facilities that are legally included in the protection scopes shall comply with the national provisions. The planning and resource departments shall solicit the opinions of the municipal meteorological authorities when making requirements for planning and designs or reviewing the construction project design scheme. For the environmental protection of the meteorological observatories and stations and the meteorological detection facilities under the competent departments of water (ocean) affairs, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs, civil aviation and the other departments, the relative provisions shall be implemented.

Chapter III Meteorological Forecast and Early Warning

Article 17

The public meteorological forecasts, severe weather warnings and meteorological disaster warning signals shall be uniformly issued by the meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities, and no other organizations or individuals shall release them to the public.

The meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities shall regularly roll out public meteorological forecasts for the next 48 hours. Before the major holidays, national and local events, the public weather forecasts for the next three to seven days shall be released and updated in a timely manner according to the weather changes.

The meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities shall issue severe weather warnings and meteorological disaster warning signals via the municipal and district emergency warning information release centers, and timely change or lift them according to the weather changes.

The meteorological authorities shall improve the accuracy of meteorological forecasts, improve the channels for releasing the meteorological information, and take the age-appropriate and multilingual measures and so on to facilitate the various groups of people to obtain the meteorological information.

Article 18

The radio and television stations, as well as the government websites, client-sides, etc., shall immediately broadcast the disaster weather warnings or meteorological disaster warning signals provided by the meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities. When the severe weather warning or meteorological disaster warning signals are lifted, they shall be immediately removed.

The operating units or management units of the public places such as airports, passenger stations, ports, tourist attractions, highways and urban main roads shall promptly alert the public upon receiving the severe weather warnings or meteorological disaster warning signals provided by the meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities, and update them in a timely manner according to the changes in forecast warnings.

In emergency situations such as extreme weather disasters, the telecommunications operators in this Municipality shall promptly, accurately and free of charge send their users the disaster weather warnings or meteorological disaster warning signals in accordance with the provisions of the State and this Municipality.

Article 19

When broadcasting public weather forecasts, severe weather warnings or early warning signals of the meteorological disasters via radio, television, newspapers, the Internet, telecommunications, public display screens, etc., the timely meteorological information provided by the meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological departments shall be used in accordance with the State provisions, and the names and time of the publishing observatories and stations shall be indicated. The relevant contents shall not be changed without authorization. If the State has the provisions on the release and dissemination of the weather conditions, such provisions shall apply.

Article 20

The meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological departments shall conduct real-time monitoring, analysis and forecasting of the typhoons, gales, rainstorm, continuous rain, thunder and lightning, high temperatures, cold waves, heavy fog, etc., so as to provide guarantee for the public utilities, flood control commands and emergency rescue.

The meteorological observatories and stations under the competent meteorological authorities shall promote the upgrading of the meteorological services, providing professional meteorological services for the industries such as environment, transportation, construction, education, health, culture and tourism, low altitude economy, agriculture, as well as the specific areas such as riverside and coastal areas, high-rise dense areas and the rural areas.

Article 21

In the event of an emergency, the meteorological authorities shall organize on-site meteorological tracking, monitoring and forecasting in accordance with the requirements of the relevant emergency plans, and provide services for the emergency response work.

To ensure agricultural production, traffic safety, ecological construction, and major social activities in this Municipality, the municipal meteorological authority shall manage, guide, and organize the implementation of the artificial weather modification operations under the leadership and coordination of the Municipal People's Government.

Chapter IV Prevention of Meteorological Disasters

Article 22

The municipal and district people's governments shall regularly organize the emergency management departments, meteorological authorities and the other relevant departments to conduct surveys on the types, frequency, intensity and losses caused by the meteorological disasters that occur within their administrative areas, establish meteorological disaster databases, conduct assessments and delimit the meteorological disaster risk areas.

Article 23

The meteorological authorities shall, together with the departments of development and reform, emergency management, planning and resources, transportation, water (ocean) affairs, agriculture and rural affairs, maritime affairs, etc., formulate the meteorological disaster prevention plans for their own administrative areas according to the meteorological disaster prevention plans of the higher-level people's governments, on the basis of the characteristics of the local meteorological disasters, and submit them to the local people's governments for approval before publishing them. The contents related to the spatial arrangement in meteorological disaster prevention plans shall be included in the national spatial plans in accordance with the law.

Article 24

The meteorological authorities, water (ocean) affairs, transportation, emergency management, agriculture and rural affairs, ecological environment, housing and urban-rural construction management, greening and city appearance, public security, fire rescue, maritime affairs and the other departments, as well as the railway, highway, civil aviation, communication, power supply, drainage, gas and the other units, shall, in accordance with the requirements of urban operation "integrated online management" construction and the relevant technical standards, relying on this Municipality's big data resource platform, timely share the information on the disastrous weather and meteorological-related fire hazards, agricultural disasters, environmental pollution, road congestion, passenger transport delays, waterlogging and power grid, communication failures, etc.

Article 25

The meteorological authorities shall, jointly with the departments of water (ocean) affairs, transportation, ecological environment, housing and urban-rural construction management, emergency management, public security, agriculture and rural affairs, greening and urban appearance, etc., carry out the meteorological impact forecasting and risk warning, guide the relative departments and the public to do a good job in prevention and response.

Article 26

The municipal and district people's governments and the relevant departments shall organize the formulation of the emergency plans for the meteorological disasters in their respective administrative areas and file them in accordance with the provisions. The governments at all levels shall organize emergency drills for the meteorological disasters to improve their emergency rescue capabilities.

The meteorological observatories and stations under the meteorological authorities shall promptly report to the local people's governments and the relevant departments on severe weather forecasts, warning situations and meteorological disaster warning information. The municipal and district people's governments and the relevant departments shall make timely decisions to activate the corresponding emergency plans in accordance with the provisions, publicize them to the society, and report them in accordance with the provisions. When extreme weather conditions occur, they shall take the corresponding measures in a timely manner according to the provisions.

Article 27

The municipal emergency management department and the municipal meteorological authority shall, jointly with the municipal departments of economy and informatization, education, housing and urban-rural construction management, transportation, water (ocean) affairs, culture and tourism, health, communication management, etc., determine the lists of the key units for meteorological disaster prevention on the basis of the sensitive factors such as geographical location, building characteristics, industry characteristics, personnel density, and unit size, and publish them.

The key units for meteorological disaster prevention shall develop the emergency plans for meteorological disasters on the basis of their own characteristics, establish daily inspection systems, designate the responsible persons, promptly eliminate the hidden dangers, and ensure operational safety.

The emergency management departments, meteorological authorities and the relevant departments shall strengthen their services, guidance and supervision of the meteorological disaster prevention work in the key units in accordance with their respective responsibilities. When potential safety hazards in meteorological disaster prevention are discovered, the key units shall be promptly urged to eliminate the hazards.

Article 28

The buildings, structures, facilities, and the places that are required by the State to install lightning protection devices shall be equipped with such lightning protection devices. The installed lightning protection devices shall meet the usage requirements prescribed by the meteorological authority of the State Council.

The owners or managers of the buildings, structures, facilities and places specified in the preceding Paragraph shall carry out daily inspections and maintenance of the lightning protection devices, and entrust the qualified lightning protection device testing institutions to conduct regular inspections. Those failing to pass the inspection shall be rectified within the prescribed time limit. When the property service enterprises are entrusted to perform the daily inspection and maintenance responsibilities of the lightning protection devices, the relevant rights and obligations shall be stipulated in the property service contracts.

This Municipality shall encourage the rural villagers to install lightning protection devices in their houses. The general drawings recommended by the housing and urban-rural development management departments for the self-built houses by the rural villagers shall include the contents of lightning protection devices.

Article 29

The owners or managers of the buildings, structures and trees, as well as the operators of the outdoor signs and advertising facilities, shall regularly conduct wind-risk inspections, set up necessary warning signs, take measures to promptly eliminate the safety hazards such as the dropping off and falling off of the objects on the windowsills and shelves, the hanging objects and the attachments, and broken trees and so as to avoid and reduce the harms caused by typhoons and strong winds.

Article 30

The meteorological authorities shall organize climate feasibility studies for the national spatial planning, national key construction projects, major regional economic development projects, and the large-scale climate resource development and utilization projects such as the solar and wind energy projects.

When the industrial bases and industrial communities involve the projects and projects specified in the preceding paragraph, climate feasibility studies shall be included in the regional assessments. When the engineering, project or their location areas specified in the preceding paragraph have undergone climate feasibility assessment and meet the requirements of the industrial base, industrial community construction, etc., and are within the validity periods, they shall not be re-evaluated.

Chapter V Openness and Application of the Public Meteorological Data

Article 31

This Municipality shall promote the openness and application of the public meteorological data, support the innovation in the public meteorological data product services, and promote the integration and application of the public meteorological data in industrial manufacturing, modern agriculture, commercial circulation, transportation, culture and tourism, financial services and the other scenarios.

Article 32

The municipal meteorological authority shall, in accordance with the requirements of safety, controllability, classification and grading, rely on the data resource platforms prescribed by the State and this Municipality to open up the public meteorological data to the society.

The municipal meteorological authority shall formulate a directory of the public meteorological data openness in this Municipality, clarifying the scope, types, conditions, etc. of data openness.

Article 33

The municipal meteorological authority shall, together with the municipal data and the other departments, promote the implementation of the public meteorological data authorized operation in accordance with the requirements of the State and this Municipality for the public data authorized operation management, and improve the level of social development and utilization of the public meteorological data. Priority shall be given to supporting the orderly operation of the public meteorological data authorized operation in the areas closely related to the people's livelihoods, with significant industry value-added potential and significant industrial strategic significance.

The municipal meteorological authority shall, jointly with the municipal data department, authorize the eligible operating entities to develop and utilize the data while ensuring data security.

Article 34

The authorized operating entities shall possess the professional technical level and personnel and equipment arrangement required in the authorized operation fields, establish internal management and security guarantee systems for public data authorized operation, and accept the daily supervision and management from the relevant departments.

The scope of public meteorological data authorized operation shall meet the requirements on the public data classification and grading standards of the State and this Municipality.

The authorized operating entities shall, within the scope of authorization, rely on the secure and trustworthy environments provided by the data resource platforms of the State and this Municipality, implement data development and utilization, and provide data products and services. The authorized operating entities shall ensure that the data are used in accordance with the law and provisions, and shall not harm the national security, public interests, or the legitimate rights and interests of the individuals and organizations.

Article 35

The authorized operating entities shall propose their public meteorological data requirements to the authorizing entities according to the application scenarios. They shall specify in their public meteorological data requirements the scope of use, time of use and security control of the public meteorological data.

The application scenarios of the public meteorological data authorized operation shall pass the compliance and security risk assessments in accordance with the provisions of the State and this Municipality.

Chapter VI Legal Liability

Article 36

When there are already provisions for handling the violations of the provisions of these Regulations in laws and administrative rules, such provisions shall apply.

Article 37

Those who violate the provisions of Article 19 of these Regulations by disseminating public meteorological forecasts, severe weather warnings, or meteorological disaster warning signals that do not meet the state requirements, disseminating false or illegally obtained severe weather information and meteorological disaster situations, shall be dealt with in accordance with the state provisions.

Article 38

When the buildings, structures, facilities, or venues that shall install the lightning protection devices, in violation of the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 28 of these Regulations, fail to install the lightning protection devices, they shall be dealt with by the meteorological authorities in accordance with the state provisions.

Those who, in violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 28 of these Regulations, fail to regularly inspect the lightning protection devices in accordance with the state provisions shall be ordered by the meteorological authorities to make corrections within a prescribed time limit. Those who fail to make corrections within the prescribed time limit shall be given a warning and may be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan.

Article 39

When the staff members of the meteorological authorities and their affiliated meteorological observatories and stations neglect their duties and cause major omissions, misreporting of the public meteorological forecasts, severe weather warnings or meteorological disaster warning signals, as well as the accidents such as the loss or destruction of the original meteorological detection data, forgery of the meteorological data, etc., they shall be punished in accordance with the law. When the cases constitute crimes, their criminal responsibilities shall be investigated in accordance with the law.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 40

The local meteorological undertakings referred to in these Regulations include the construction and management of the meteorological facilities serving the local areas, the meteorological forecasting and early warning, meteorological disaster prevention, meteorological scientific and technological research and knowledge popularization, climate resource utilization, public meteorological data openness and application and so on.

Article 41

These Regulations shall be effective as of November 1, 2024. Measures for the Implementation of the Meteorological Law of the People's Republic of China in Shanghai, adopted at the 31st Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th Shanghai Municipal People's Congress on October 26, 2006, shall be repealed simultaneously.