The future space industry clusters will be created in Pudong, Yangpu, Minhang, Jinshan, Songjiang, Qingpu, Chongming and other districts.

Deep-sea exploration and mining. The research and development of deep-sea and polar ships and marine engineering equipment will be promoted. Polar equipment including heavy icebreakers and high-ice LNG ships will be developed to build a set of equipment for polar research and resource development. Special ships for deep-sea marine security, multi-functional rescue and other purposes will be developed to improve the capability of emergency rescue facilities. Besides, large deep-water floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) devices, and resident floating research facilities will be also developed. Deep-sea mining equipment will be produced, and sea trial verifications and demonstration applications accelerated.

Aerospace utilization. Breakthroughs in tilt-rotor, composite wing, intelligent flight and other technologies will be ensured, and the manned electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft will be developed to explore new air traffic models. The focus will turn to intelligent airborne technology, composite materials and new energy innovation. A new generation of commercial aircraft that is featured with supersonic, wing-body fusion and other technologies will be developed, and verification and demonstration of hydrogen batteries, hydrogen turbofan and other hydrogenaircraft technologies will be conducted. In addition, low-cost satellites and reusable carrier rockets will be produced. The launch of broadband communication satellite networks and their commercial operations will be accelerated. The space frequencies and orbital resources will be actively used to build an all-weather, global satellite Internet encompassing land, sea, air and outer space.