The flu, or influenza, is an acute respiratory infection that strikes suddenly and occurs seasonally, peaking during the autumn and winter months. It primarily spreads through respiratory droplets but can also be transmitted via the mouth, nose, or eyes.

Everyone is susceptible to the flu. While most cases are mild, some can become severe or even fatal. Taking preventative measures and responding quickly are key to reducing the risk of infection.

What are the signs of the flu

• Fever: The virus disrupts temperature regulation, raising your body temperature.
• Muscle aches: The virus often leads to headaches, dizziness, loss of appetite, and sore muscles.
• Cough: The virus targets the upper respiratory system, causing a dry cough and phlegm.
• Fatigue: The virus affects metabolism, leading to feelings of tiredness and weakness.
• Sore Throat: Inflammation of the throat can result in pain and difficulty swallowing.
• Vomiting: Some flu strains, such as gastrointestinal types, can cause vomiting, stomachaches, and diarrhea.

 

How to prevent the flu when the seasons shift

• Get vaccinated: The flu vaccine is the best way to prevent infection. Since the virus mutates often, get vaccinated each autumn or winter, especially if you're elderly, a child, pregnant, or have a chronic illness.
• Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands with soap and running water, and clean everyday items regularly.
• Stick to good habits: Rest well and eat a balanced diet.
• Protect yourself in public: During flu season, avoid crowded or busy public places, or wear a mask when necessary.

What to do if you catch the flu

If you or your child catch the flu, there's no need to panic. For most healthy people, the flu is a self-limiting disease, but it is recommended to:

• Stay at home: Avoid going out to prevent infecting others. If you live with elderly people or those with compromised immune systems, try to keep your distance to protect them.
• Rest: Get plenty of sleep.
• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water and fluids to avoid dehydration.
• Pay attention to any changes in your symptoms: If things start to get worse, such as a persistent high fever, difficulty breathing, severe headaches, or extreme fatigue, don't wait. Get in touch with a doctor immediately.
• Follow your doctor's advice: If your doctor gives you antiviral drugs, take them as directed. Remember, antibiotics won't treat the flu, so only take them if your doctor advises.

We hope this guide gives you a better idea of how to handle the flu and stay healthy. Simple steps like getting vaccinated and washing your hands can make a big difference.

 

Source: China Science Communication